It's hard for anyone to get by without some essential utilities like water, gas and electric. It's even harder when the temperatures drop in the winter months. Some states make it illegal for utility companies to shut off "protected" utilities for certain people, whether they own or rent.
What's "Protected" and When?
Typically, "protected utility services" are the essential utilities needed for everyday life: Water, gas and electric (for power and heat), and a telephone line (usually land-based or "land-lines" only - cell phones usually aren't protected). The rules vary from state to state, so make sure you check the laws in your area to see if and when your utilities may be turned off.
In general, though, most states that protect essential utilities follow some basic rules:
- Essential utilities can't be shut off, even for unpaid bills, during the "winter months," which usually is measured from a specific day in November to a specific day in March, April, or even May
- Elderly customers, and those who are seriously ill or suffering from a "life-threatening illness," and customers who care for young children (usually less than one year old) mostly qualify for protection from shutoffs. Also, in some states, if you care for someone who's elderly or seriously ill in your home, you're also protected
- In some cases, you have to make arrangements to repay any outstanding utility bills, as well as the new charges for services during the winter months
- You typically need verification from a doctor that you or someone you're caring for is seriously ill
- In some states, you have to be suffering a financial hardship, such as the loss of a job, and be elderly or seriously ill, or caring for someone who is, or caring for an infant. In these states you'll likely have to fill out forms proving your financial condition and inability to pay